11. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты последующих слов и выраже-ний:Производство благ,

11. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты последующих слов и выраже-ний:

Производство благ, рассредотачивание, потребление продуктов и услуг, в великих количествах, ублажение их нужд, экономические блага, при-родные (безвозмездные) блага, доставляются, услуги предоставляются, недостаток, состояние экономики, процветает, во время (экономического) бума, потреби-тели, приобретают предметы роскоши, во время (экономического) спада, безра-ботица, доходы, деятельность правительства, играет главную роль.

12. Письменно ответьте на последующие вопросы:

l. Is economics an old science?
2. What is economics?
3. What does wealth comprise?
4. When does consumption of goods rise and fall?
5. Do the actions of the government influence the economy of the country?


Economics Economics is the oldest of all the social sciences. The study of this science helps people to understand the development of civilization and modem economic situation. Economics is the study of the production of wealth and the distribution and consumption of goods and services in a society. Wealth comprises goods and services. Goods are things people produce and use. Manufacturing goods and growing agricultural products in large quantities aim at selling them to the people and satisfying their needs. There are economic goods and free goods. Economic goods are the things people buy. They are cars, TV sets, cassette-recorders, food products, clothes and others. Free goods are things that people have without paying for them. They are air, sunshine, and water in rivers and streams. Services are also provided to meet the public needs. A society has postal, fi-nancial, repair, transport services, communications, training, etc. At present the na-tional economies of many countries are shifting to services and high-technology businesses. Goods and services are distributed among the people in a society and the parts of a country. Products are delivered to shops, cafes, restaurants, cinemas and other businesses. Services are supplied to individuals, groups of people, and organ-izations. Economics deals with the methods of distribution of goods and services and the problem of their scarcity. Consumption is buying and using things and services. The level of consump-tion depends on the state of the economy. When a country prospers in the boom days, consumers have a lot of money and purchase many things including luxury items. In a recession unemployment rises, incomes fall; consumers buy fewer things and prefer cheaper items. Economics also deals with the system according to which the money, indus-try, agriculture and trade of a nation are organized. A country's economy is the wealth that it gets from business and industry. The economy comprises people, companies, the government and local authorities. The activities of the government play an important part in the economic sphere. The actions of the government in-флюенс production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. The profession of an economist is very important in modern life. Economists develop models of the working of the economy. They predict economic trends and help the government and companies to take decisions in economic policy and busi-ness.