В следующих предложениях сказуемое употребляется в а) Present Simple, b) Past

В последующих предложениях сказуемое используется в а) Present Simple, b) Past Simple, c) Present Perfect, d) Past Perfect. Переведите предложения на российский язык.
1. Moscow is the capital of Russia, its administrative, economic, political and educational centre. (a)
2. By the 15th century Moscow had grown into a wealthy city. (d)
3. The land of Russia varies very much from forests to deserts, from high mountains to deep valleys.
4. Facing the Red square is a very beautiful building known as Granovitaya Palata built in the end of the 15th century by Marko Ruffo and Pietro Solari.