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MEMORY
It is interesting to note that memory, one of the basic components of the computer, is often called storage. It stores calculation program, the calculation formulae, initial data, intermediate and final results. Therefore, the functions of the
computer memory may be classified in the following way. Firstly,
the computer memory must store the information transmitted
from the input and other devices. Secondly, memory should
produce the information needed for the computation process to
all other devices of the computer.
Generally, memory consists of two main parts called the
main, primary or internal, memory and the secondary, or external memory. The advantage of the primary memory is an
extremely high speed. The secondary memory has a comparatively low speed, but it is capable of storing far greater amount
of information than the main memory. The primary storage
takes a direct part in the computational process. The secondary storage provides the information necessary for a single step
in the sequence of computation steps.
The most important performance characteristics of a storage unit are speed, capacity and reliability. Its speed is measured
in cycle time. Its capacity is measured by the number of machine words or binary digits. Its reliability is measured by the
number of failures (отказ) per unit of time.


План в вопросной форме.
1. What is memory?
2. What is the function of memory?
3. What are the main parts of memory?
4. What are advantages and disadvantages of a storage unit?
5. What are their functions?
6. What are performance characteristics of the main and
secondary memory?
7. What units are performance characteristics measured by?
План в назывной форме
1. The definition of memory.
2. The main functions of memoiy.
3. Classification of memory.
4. Advantages and disadvantages of memory components.
5. The functions of memory components.
6. Performance characteristics of memory.
7. The units for measuring the performance characteristics
of memory.
План в тезисной форме.
1. Memory is one of the basic components of the comput
er.
2. Memory stores initial data, intermediate and final results.
3. It produces the information needed to other devices of
the computer.
4. Memory consists of the main (internal) and the second
ary (external) storage.
5. The main memory has high speed, but small capacity; the
secondary memory possesses lower speed but greater ca
pacity.
6. The main memory performs computation; the secondary
memory provides information sequentially, step by step.
7. The performance characteristics speed, capacity and
reliability are measured by cycles, binary digits and the
number of failures per unit of time.