Валентина Терешкова биография на британском

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (March 6, 1937(19370306), the village of Great Maslennikovo, Tutaev district, Yaroslavl oblast, RSFSR, USSR) Soviet cosmonaut, first woman cosmonaut, hero of the Soviet Union, major-General. Valentina Tereshkova was born in the village of Great Maslennikovo Yaroslavl region in a peasant family of immigrants from Belarus (his father from under Mogilev, mother of village Eremeevna dubrovensky district) . She said Valentina, when she was talking with family in Belarusian [1]. Father is a tractor driver, mother is a textile factory worker. Drafted into the Red army in 1939, Valentina's father died in the Russo-Finnish war. In 1945 she was admitted to secondary school 32 of the city of Yaroslavl, seven classes which graduated in 1953. To help the family, in 1954, Valentina went to work at the Yaroslavl tire plant baslecity, at the same time enrolling to study at an evening school for working youth. Since 1959, was engaged in parachuting at Yaroslavl aviation club (мейд 90 jumps) . Continuing work in the textile factory "Red Perekop" , from 1955 to 1960 Valentine was correspondence course at the technical College of light industry. 11 August 1960 released Secretary of the Komsomol Committee of the factory "Red Perekop" . In the unit Kosmonavtika the first successful flights of Soviet cosmonauts, Sergey Korolev had the idea to launch a woman into space-cosmonaut. In early 1962, the search began for candidates on the following criteria: parachutist, age 30 years, height 170 cm and weighing up to 70 pounds. From hundreds of candidates, five were chosen: Joan of jerkins, Tatyana Kuznetsova, Valentina Ponomaryova, Irina Solovyova and Valentina Tereshkova. Immediately after the adoption of a cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova with the rest of the girls called up for military service in the rank of privates. Podgotovka the cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was admitted March 12, 1962 and was trained as a listener-cosmonaut of the 2nd squad. November 29, 1962, she passed the final examination for GST to "excellent." From 1 December 1962, Tereshkova cosmonaut of the 1st detachment of 1st division. From 16 June 1963, that is, immediately after the flight, she became an instructor-cosmonaut of the 1st squad and was in that position until 14 March 1966. During training, it training outside the body's resistance to space flight factors. Training included a heat chamber, where I had to be in a flight suit at a temperature of 70 C and humidity of 30 %, the isolation chamber is isolated from the sounds of the room where each candidate had to spend 10 days. Training in weightlessness was held at the MiG-15. When performing special maneuvers parabolic slides inside the aircraft was established weightlessness on 40 seconds, and these sessions were 3-4 per flight. During each session we had to perform another task: to write the name and surname, to eat, to talk on the radio. Special attention was given parachute training as an astronaut before landing, ejected and landed separately by parachute. Because there was always the risk of landing of the descent vehicle was carried out and training for parachute jumping in the sea, in the technological, that is not fitted to size suit. Flight on the "Vostok-6"Your space flight (the world's first flight of a woman cosmonaut) she мейд 16 June 1963 on the spaceship Vostok-6, it lasted almost three days. At the same time was in orbit the spacecraft Vostok 5, piloted by cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky. On the day of the first flight into space she told relatives that went to the competition parachutists, about the flight they learned of the news on the radio.Lieutenant-General Nikolay Petrovich Kamanin involved in the selection and training of astronauts, described the launch Tereshkova.