рассказ про бобслей на британском языке

Bobsleigh (eng. bobsleigh) - views Luge, speed slide with mountains on specially equipped ice slopes on sledges to the special design, the beans that are managed and designed for 2-8 people. The slide is on special snow and ice track with turns on the turns; speed can reach 90-100 km/H.

The home of bobsleigh is Switzerland. Here in 1888, the English tourist Wilson Smith joins two sledges with the Board and used them to travel from St. Moritz is situated slightly below the cable car. There, in St. Moritz, in the late nineteenth century was organized and the first in the world bobsleigh sports club, where they developed the basic rules of competition in this спорт, and the crew of the sled then consisted of five people - three men and two women. Further, the number of crew members bobsleigh changed to two, four, five, sometimes eight people.

The world's first special sledge - "Bob" were constructed in 1904.

Bobsleigh has spread in several European countries, where were held competitions, and then the national Championships in this спорт. In Austria they are held since 1908, and in Germany since 1910.

The international Federation of bobsleigh and tobogganing - FIBT was founded in 1923. Includes more than 50 national federations. The word toboggan that is mentioned in the name of the Federation is a tribute to tradition. It describes common among the Indians of Canada besplatn wooden sledge, which in slightly modified form began to be used as sports equipment. In the beginning of XX century formal competitions descent from the mountains in the area. Then this word according to the tradition preserved in the name of the International Federation FIBT charge and up till now, the development of bobsleigh in the world, although at the present time this спорт has replaced the skeleton.

World championship bobsled held since 1924. In the program of winter Olympic games bobsleigh was included since 1924. Then the competition was carried out on quadruple sled, in 1928, on a five, and since 1932 the competitions are held at two - and four sledges.

Until 2002, the competition was held only among men. But at the Olympic games in salt lake city (Winter Olympics 2002) women took part in races double beans.

Today the Federation IBSF strictly regulates the possibilities for technical support teams. In the rules for the 2011-2012 season, for example, stated that the runners Bob must be мейд of specially licensed materials on a specially licensed companies, each pair of runners must have caused the serial number, which is checked each time before the official start. In addition, the Federation limits the number used by a single rider per season runners. All this is done to ensure equal basic capabilities of all participants in official competitions.

Sledge мейд according to the standard design of all-metal chassis streamlined shape, mounted on two pairs of runners-skates. The front pair is movable with the wheel. The rear pair is stationary with the brake. Use double (two), and quadruple (four) bobsleigh. The length of the two is not more than 2.7 m, weight - not exceeding 165 kg, and the weight of the crew is not more than 200 kg of Length four is not more than 3.8 meters, weight not exceeding 230 kilograms and the weight of the crew is not more than 400 kg

Bobsled is an ice chute on a concrete base, with different steepness of twists and turns. Track length - 1500-2000 m with 15 turns of the minimum radius of 8 m and a height difference of from 130 to 150 m

Length of tracks for bobsleigh, the height difference between start and finish, number of twists and turns are not permanent. For example, in lake placid in 1932, the route was 2366 m elevation vertically - 228 meters on the track was 26 of twists and turns. In Lillehammer in 1994 bobsleighers competed at 1365-meter race with a 107-metre elevation and 16 twists and turns.

Technical improvement sled bobsled is carried out taking into account the latest achievements of scientific-technical progress. But for obvious reasons it limited weight and size restrictions set by the international rules for double and quadruple sled. As earlier final results in bobsleigh competitions are determined by the rate earned by the crew at the launch site acceleration - before landing in the sleigh, in the distance the result depends primarily on the skill of the pilot - steering, on his skill on the optimal trajectory to pass a line, with minimal loss of speed overcoming the twists and turns.